Archive for the ‘science’ Category

Just because you’re an astronaut

Friday, April 20th, 2012

Doesn’t make you an expert on climate science. That seems to be the case with a letter written to NASA recently by a group that includes some ex-astronauts. It’s gotten some notice in the press recently, because apparently some people think that just because you’re an astronaut, you now know everything. Well, they’re wrong, as Phil Plait points out in the Bad Astronomy blog.

I’ve been getting lots of email and other notes about a group of 49 people — including some ex-astronauts — who have written a public letter to NASA complaining about the space agency’s stance that global warming exists and is caused by humans.

You can guess how I feel about it. But to be clear: it’s more denialist spin, nonsense, and noise. You can read the original leter here, and then I strongly suggest reading Shawn Otto’s devastating deconstruction of it. You can also read the response to this letter by NASA’s Chief Scientist Waleed Abdalatim if you’d like.

I’ll note that it doesn’t matter that former astronauts signed this propaganda letter — I’ve written about Apollo 17′s Harrison Schmitt and his climate change denialism before — but I note it does matter that of the 49 signatories on that letter, not one is an actual working climate scientist. That should give you pause. I’ll also note that 49 former NASA employees is a tiny, tiny fraction of the total. It’s not hard to find statistical outliers in a group that big. I knew a creationistwho worked for NASA!

Sacking the City of God

Sunday, April 15th, 2012

The Global Atheist Conference is this weekend in Melbourne, Australia. The guest speaker, PZ Myers, posted the text of his address, titled Sacking the City of God. Since it’s Sunday (and Greek Orthodox Easter at that), I couldn’t resist posting about it here.

If a scientist saw a cataclysm coming, say a meteor on collision course for earth in 2050, we wouldn’t be saying, “Hallelujah, physics is true, bring it on! Our faith in mathematics is strengthened!” We’d be trying to stop it. Which makes the Christian reaction puzzling. If I actually believed Jesus was coming to end the world, I’d be preparing by stocking up on timber and nails. They were pretty effective last time.

Now wait, there might be some people saying (not anyone here, of course) that that’s no fair. Maybe you’re a liberal Christian, and I’m picking on the extremists (although, when we’re talking about roughly half the United States being evolution-denying, drill-baby-drill, apocalypse-loving christians, it’s more accurate to say I’m describing a representative sample). Perhaps you’re a moderate, you support good science, education, and the environment, you just love Jesus or Mohammed, too.

I’m sorry, but I don’t like you. I’ll concede that you are doing less direct harm, and I will thank you for your support of shared causes, and I’ll also happily work alongside you in those causes, but I also think you are still doing indirect harm to foundational principles of a rational society. You believe in some outrageous bullshit; the christian myths of a virgin giving birth to a god who dies are illogical lunacy, and the Christian doctrines of original sin and redemption through blood sacrifice by proxy are crippling psychopathological abominations. You promote unreason by telling people that it is OK to believe in some things without evidence, and even in contradiction to evidence and reason. You are cafeteria realists, and you undermine the essential goal of bringing the whole of humanity out of the darkness of ignorance and into the light of the real world.

I tell such people that the universe is clearly lacking in gods and supernatural forces, so grow up and set all that nonsense aside. Join us and become a good atheist — you’ll be much happier and will waste less time in pointless just-pretend foolishness.

So, what does it mean to be a good atheist in the 21st century? How do you live as a good atheist? What should our values be?

We’re a diverse group, and we never agree on everything, so I’ll give you just a few: truth, autonomy, community.

Satellite archaeology

Tuesday, March 27th, 2012

Archaeologists are using a new technique to discover traces of human habitation in the Middle East going back 8,000 years. They’re using satellites to look for anthrosol, a type of soil that forms in the presence of human activity. Archaeologists have used satellite imagery before, but this technique covers a wider area and can be automated.

The new method of aerial analysis relies on the detection of anthrosol, a distinctive type of soil that forms in the presence of long-term human activity. Anthrosols have a subtle but distinctive color, and are richer in organic matter than surrounding soils — a fact that archeologists have been using for years to search for settlements at the ground level. But Ur and Menze took the search for anthrosols to the sky, with the help of multi-spectral satellite images.

Multi-spectral imagery, explains Ur, is useful for distinguishing different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation, including those wavelengths that our eye’s can’t see:

A black and white photograph takes all of the wavelengths visible to us and blends them together. A color image shows them as combinations of red, green, and blue. Multispectral imagery… can see larger wavelengths like the near-infrared and beyond. The soils atop archaeological sites can be sensitive in both the visible and infrared ranges.

Neat. Somebody was thinking. Their initial crack at this has discovered something like 14,000 previously unknown settlements. The map they’ve created, showing settlements and trade routes, is striking and beautiful.

Middle East settlements

I really like this story, as it shows how modern, high-technology science can help to make discoveries in fields like history, that are often thought of as being non-technical.

Nature special issue on the 2011 Japanese earthquake

Thursday, March 8th, 2012

Nature, one of the major science magazines, has published a special isue on last year’s Japanese earthquake, tsunami, and radiation disaster. Given that Canada’s west coast is likely to experience a similar earthquake sometime in the next couple of hundred years, it’s worth looking this issue.

The United States is now hoping to move some of its DART buoys nearer to earthquake sources — along the Cascadia subduction zone and in many other regions, says Titov. Warning centres will then combine the DART data with spatial models of coastlines to predict the severity of the flooding more quickly. “Within half an hour, you can get a very high-quality forecast showing which areas are going to be inundated,” he says. And that would help emergency managers to decide which areas should be evacuated, and when to urge people to move to higher ground.

In the regions closest to an earthquake, however, many people would die if they waited for those results. The first waves from a Cascadia tsunami can hit in 15–20 minutes, and the problem is even worse in Japan and the Aleutian Islands, where some regions have only a few minutes of lead time. Emergency managers are therefore developing a tiered approach, in which they issue quick warnings that are updated as measurements come in from the sea-floor sensors.

Oceans acidifying at unprecedented speeds

Monday, March 5th, 2012

I’ve posted before about the problem of ocean acidification caused by global warming. New Scientist reports that not only is acidification increasing but the rate is faster than an time in the last 300 million years. This is one of the key problems with global warming and climate change – it’s not just the degree but the rate – it’s happening so fast that natural systems can’t cope.

The best match for current changes was the Palaeocene-Eocene thermal maximum of 55 million years ago, when vast amounts of methane were released into the atmosphere causing rapid global warming, ocean acidification, and mass extinction. But even then, it took at least 3000 years for ocean pH to drop by 0.5. “That is an order of magnitude slower than today,” Hönisch says.

Canadian government is muzzling its scientists

Saturday, February 18th, 2012

The BBC and the CBC are reporting that the Harper government is following the same template used by the Bush administration when it comes to scientists employed by the government – control everything they say to make sure that nothing contradicts the government’s ideological views.

Andrew Weaver, an environmental scientist at the University of Victoria in British Columbia, described the protocol as “Orwellian”.

The protocol states: “Just as we have one department we should have one voice. Interviews sometimes present surprises to ministers and senior management. Media relations will work with staff on how best to deal with the call (an interview request from a journalist). This should include asking the programme expert to respond with approved lines.”

Professor Weaver said that information is so tightly controlled that the public is “left in the dark”.

“The only information they are given is that which the government wants, which will then allow a supporting of a particular agenda,” he said.